As of December 21, 2025, clashes along the Thailand-Cambodia border have claimed at least 53 civilian lives and displaced over half a million people from their homes.
High civilian toll and displacement
Cambodia’s Ministry of Interior reports 19 civilian deaths, 79 injuries, and more than 510,000 displaced. Thailand’s Joint Press Center for Thai-Cambodian Border Affairs lists 34 civilian fatalities and 21 military casualties.
Frontline developments
On December 21, Cambodian forces shelled Thailand’s Sa Kaeo Province, while Thai troops seized control of the strategically significant Highland 350. Thailand deployed F-16 jets to strike a weapons depot in an abandoned casino and targeted supply lines, as Cambodian units counterattacked with drones and rocket launchers.
Inclusive statements
Cambodian Defense Ministry spokesperson Meas Sopheakdet condemned the Thai attacks for endangering civilians and cultural heritage sites. Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul asserted that Thai forces now hold most objectives and have tightened surveillance to prevent further escalation.
Diplomatic shuttle diplomacy
China’s Foreign Ministry says Wang Yi, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, held calls with Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation Prak Sokhonn and Thai Foreign Minister Sihasak Phuangketkeow. Special Envoy Deng Xijun departed for both capitals on December 18 to mediate face to face.
ASEAN steps in
Today, December 22, 2025, an Extraordinary Meeting of ASEAN Foreign Ministers convenes in Kuala Lumpur under Malaysia’s chairmanship. Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim expressed hope that the talks will lead to a ceasefire and lasting dialogue.
Historical context and outlook
The border dispute dates back to colonial-era claims around the Preah Vihear Temple. After a brief October peace declaration fell short, recent exchanges of fire have highlighted the need for sustained diplomatic engagement to protect civilians and regional stability.
Reference(s):
Thailand-Cambodia clashes kill 53 civilians; China, ASEAN mediate
cgtn.com
