PBOC Pledges Ample Liquidity to Steady Growth and Costs
The PBOC will maintain ample liquidity to align financing growth with economic and price targets, lower costs, guide rates, stabilize the RMB, and support demand and innovation.
monetary policy
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Japan’s Economy at a Crossroads: Policy Clash Tests Recovery
Japan’s divergent monetary and fiscal policies—rising interest rates and record-high bond expenditures—are testing its economic recovery amid high inflation and a weak yen.
BOJ Poised for Biggest Rate Hike in 30 Years Amid Inflation Worries
Markets expect the BOJ to lift rates to 0.75% on December 19—the biggest hike in 30 years—as persistent inflation tests Japan’s recovery.
Fed Cuts Rates a Sixth Time, Signals Higher Bar Ahead
On December 10, 2025, the U.S. Fed cut rates by 25 basis points, the third straight monthly cut and sixth since September 2024, but cautioned that future easing will face a higher bar.
US Fed Cuts Interest Rates by 25bps in Third 2025 Cut
The US Fed on Dec 11 cut rates by 25bps to 3.5–3.75%, its third cut of the year, aiming to stabilize jobs and steer inflation toward 2%.
Chinese Mainland Boosts Real Economy with Record Loan Growth
The Chinese mainland’s social financing reached 431.26 trillion yuan by July, with yuan-denominated loans up 6.8%, reflecting strong policy support for real economic growth.
PBOC Pledges to Boost Sci-Tech Innovation & Consumption in H2
PBOC to bolster sci-tech innovation and consumption in H2 2025 after ramping up financial support since early 2025.