Since establishing the EU-China comprehensive strategic partnership in 2003, the relationship between Beijing and European countries has rapidly advanced. This partnership was further solidified by Chinese Premier Xi Jinping's visit to Europe in early May, highlighting the deepening ties.
However, recent developments have introduced complexities. Under pressure from Washington, the Beijing-Brussels relationship has faced challenges. U.S. President Joe Biden has been actively working to strengthen transatlantic alliances, aiming to form an anti-Beijing bloc through platforms like NATO and EU-U.S. summits. This strategy has led to the creation of forums such as the EU-U.S. Trade and Technology Council, designed to coordinate policies towards China.
The heightened focus on economic and technological competition with China, along with ideological differences, has created additional hurdles for China-EU relations. The EU now views China through a multifaceted lens—as a partner for cooperation, an economic competitor, and a systemic rival. This "triple positioning" has spurred some EU members to advocate for "de-risking" their engagements with Beijing. Despite these tensions, many European countries are adopting a more pragmatic approach in their interactions with China.
Economic challenges within the EU, including soaring inflation rates and rising living costs exacerbated by the Ukrainian conflict, have influenced this pragmatic stance. Public discontent, marked by waves of protests across the continent against sluggish economic growth, has amplified voices opposing "decoupling" from China. In response, EU leaders have reiterated their commitment to maintaining strong ties with China. For instance, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz has unequivocally stated that "decoupling" is not in the interest of Germany or Europe, emphasizing during his April visit to China that there are no plans to sever economic links.
As the EU navigates these turbulent waters, its approach reflects a delicate balancing act between fostering economic cooperation with China and addressing the strategic concerns raised by the United States. The outcome of this balancing act will significantly shape the future dynamics of international relations within the G20 nations.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
