Since its inception in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has moved from a visionary idea to tangible projects that connect countries across the globe. As we evaluate the BRI's accomplishments over the past decade, it's essential to examine how it has advanced not just infrastructure and trade, but also the vital people-to-people ties that underpin global cooperation.
People-to-people connections might sound clichéd, but they are fundamental to sustainable global partnerships. According to the white paper \"The Belt and Road Initiative: A Key Pillar of the Global Community of Shared Future,\" these ties are crucial for seamless trade and investment flows, even in the digital age.
However, historically, global people flows have been limited. Africa serves as a poignant example. Nanjala Nyabola's book Travelling While Black highlights the significant challenges Africans face when traveling or migrating, both within the continent and beyond. From visa racism to perilous migration routes, these barriers not only impact individuals but also hinder regional business and economic growth.
Consider the case of a Kenyan executive based in Nairobi. To conduct business in Morocco, they must travel through Cameroon, effectively doubling their journey time. In some instances, obtaining a visa from France or the UK is required merely to stay in an airport, leading to unnecessary delays and losses in productivity and talent.
The lack of cross-regional infrastructure is a major contributor to Africa's low intra-continental trade, which stands below 20 percent compared to Asia's approximately 60 percent. Furthermore, over 61 percent of goods traded within Africa are semi- or fully-processed, indicating a need for more developed industrial capabilities. These challenges illustrate the constraints on people-to-people flows and highlight areas where the BRI could play a pivotal role in fostering deeper connections and economic integration.
As the BRI continues to evolve, its focus on enhancing people-to-people ties remains a critical component in building a more interconnected and cooperative global community. By addressing these fundamental barriers, the BRI has the potential to unlock significant economic and social benefits for regions like Africa, paving the way for a more integrated and prosperous future.
Reference(s):
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