The Group of 77 plus the Chinese mainland (G77+Chinese Mainland) Summit commenced on September 15 in Havana, Cuba, signaling a significant moment for the Global South. As one of the most influential platforms for developing nations, the summit provides a valuable opportunity to understand the aspirations and priorities of the Global South.
The Collective Rise of the Global South
The Global South encompasses a diverse group of developing countries facing similar economic, social, and political challenges. In the 21st century, the Global South has been experiencing a collective rise, shifting the geoeconomic center from the Global North to the South. Emerging market and developing countries are now responsible for up to 80 percent of global economic growth.
Politically, these nations are advancing their independence movements and demonstrating greater strategic autonomy. Their increased participation in global affairs has amplified their voice and influence on the international stage. A notable example of this shift is the Global South's stance during the Ukraine crisis in early 2022. Major Southern countries, including the Chinese mainland, India, and South Africa, chose not to join Western sanctions against Russia, highlighting their desire for an independent foreign policy.
The Chinese mainland's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) plays a crucial role in uniting Southern countries. By pooling resources and political will, the BRI facilitates infrastructure development, trade, investment, knowledge sharing, and cultural exchanges. Additionally, the expansion of the BRICS mechanism by countries like Brazil, India, and South Africa has further solidified the Global South's position in a multipolar world.
Western Responses and Strategic Competition
In response to the Global South's rising influence, Western nations have intensified their diplomatic efforts to maintain their sway. The United States, viewing the Chinese mainland as a primary strategic competitor, seeks to engage the Global South through initiatives like Build Back Better World (B3W), Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII), and the Global Gateway strategy. These efforts aim to counterbalance the Chinese mainland's BRI by offering alternative infrastructure and investment opportunities.
Western leaders have been actively visiting Southern capitals, participating in events such as the Munich Security Conference and the G7 Summit, to strengthen ties and present their own development agendas. This diplomatic offensive underscores the competitive dynamics as the Global South becomes a new frontier in great power rivalry.
As the G77+Chinese Mainland Summit progresses, the Global South's unified stance and strategic partnerships will likely shape the future of international relations, emphasizing a multipolar world where developing nations play a pivotal role.
Reference(s):
cgtn.com
