In a groundbreaking journey to the southernmost regions, China's 41st Antarctic expedition has unveiled rare insights into polynyas—crucial open-water zones in the midst of sea ice that play a significant role in global climate dynamics and Antarctic ecology.
Sun Yongming, a key researcher on the expedition, explained how scientists used a visualization map based on data from 2013 to 2020. The map clearly shows the contrast between yellow areas with 100% sea ice and pure blue regions representing open water. Along the Antarctic coast, these blue patches, or polynyas, are formed when powerful katabatic winds push newly formed ice away, creating what Sun described as an "ice factory" process.
The Amundsen Sea polynya, currently the fourth largest among its kind, is particularly noteworthy for its role in facilitating heat exchange and supporting high biological productivity. This discovery not only deepens our understanding of Antarctic ecosystems but also provides valuable data that could inform global climate studies.
The expedition, which set sail from Guangzhou on November 1, 2024, consists of three vessels—the Xuelong, Xuelong-2, and the Yongsheng cargo ship carrying materials for the Qinling Station. Scheduled to last nearly seven months with a return in May 2025, this mission continues to inspire a new generation of global citizens, tech enthusiasts, thought leaders, sports fans, and adventurous travelers with its blend of scientific discovery and real-world impact.
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China's 41st Antarctic expedition uncovers key insights into polynyas
cgtn.com
