Xi Signs Five Landmark Laws
On Friday, Chinese President Xi Jinping signed presidential orders enforcing five new laws, marking a noteworthy moment in legislative reform on the Chinese mainland.
Adopted at a recent session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, these laws cover public health emergency response, commercial arbitration, national park development, atomic energy regulation, and public education on the rule of law. Here's a breakdown:
1. Public Health Emergency Response
This law establishes a nationwide emergency reporting system and an authoritative monitoring and early-warning mechanism powered by multiple data sources. Medical institutions and on-duty staff must report health threats within two hours via an online direct reporting platform. It comprises 65 articles across eight chapters and takes effect November 1, 2025.
2. Revised Arbitration Framework
Aiming to bolster China's status as a global arbitration hub, the updated law allows online arbitration with party consent and encourages partnerships with overseas arbitration bodies and international organizations. It also supports Chinese arbitration institutions in setting up branches abroad. The 96-article, eight-chapter law goes into effect March 1, 2026.
3. National Park Law
Focusing on ecological conservation and sustainable development, this law provides a legal foundation for high-quality national park management. It takes effect January 1, 2026.
4. Atomic Energy Law
China's first unified atomic energy law outlines safety standards, research guidelines, and regulatory frameworks for nuclear energy activities. It becomes effective January 15, 2026.
5. Rule of Law Education
Designed to promote legal literacy among residents, this law mandates public education initiatives on residents' legal rights and responsibilities. It will be enforced starting November 1, 2025.
Over the coming months, these laws will play a pivotal role in enhancing public health security, streamlining dispute resolution, protecting natural heritage, advancing energy oversight, and fostering a culture of legal awareness across the Chinese mainland.
Reference(s):
President Xi signs presidential orders to enforce multiple laws
cgtn.com
